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Pearl Biosystem has developed a method to screen chemical libraries in liquid pearls by cultivating spheroids in a close to zero gravity environment.
A recent review by Dr. Daan W. A. van den Nieuwenhof and colleagues (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41526-024-00442-z) focuses on spheroid formation in microgravity (µG) and its implications for biomedical research. The paper summarizes existing research on these mechanisms. The paper summarizes existing research on these mechanisms.
Importance:
- Spheroids are 3D cell assemblies that mimick the in vivo environment, making them valuable for cellular studies.
- Spheroids can also be fused to create tissues for transplantation.
Challenges:
- Controlled, large-scale production of spheroids is difficult.
- Creating an environment that promotes differentiation, viability, and cell-cell attachment is crucial for self-assembly.
Microgravity:
- In microgravity, cells naturally cluster and form spheroids, making µG a potential key factor for efficient spheroid production.
- This makes microgravity a potential key factor for developing efficient spheroid production techniques.
Mechanisms:
- Gene or protein inhibition can influence spheroid formation, either accelerating or inhibiting the process.
- The exact mechanisms behind microgravity-induced spheroid formation are still unclear and require further study.
In conclusion, this review illustrates the synergistic relationship between tissue engineering and microgravity, highlighting its potential for advancements in spheroid and organoid production, tissue fabrication, as well as pharmaceutical and space-related research. Although microgravity provides a unique environment for cellular self-assembly, there are challenges such as platform optimization, tissue acclimatization, and cellular heterogeneity that need to be addressed to develop reliable and reproducible techniques in this emerging field, a challenge we embrace at Pearl Biosystem.